If venous access is required up to 2 weeks, an epicutaneous-caval-type central venous catheter (ECC) may be used, inserted into the superficial veins of the newborn.
The choice of vein will be guided by the RaSuVA protocol, which involves a systematic examination of the superficial veins of the newborn, from the foot to the head, first on the right side and then on the left side, evaluating the seven sites where it is most likely to identify a vein: (1 ) medial malleolus, (2) lateral malleolus, (3) retro popliteal area, (4) hand and wrist, (5) antecubital area, (6) preauricular zone, (7) post-auricular zone.